Integrand size = 24, antiderivative size = 416 \[ \int \frac {1}{\left (a+c x^2\right )^{3/2} \left (d+e x+f x^2\right )} \, dx=\frac {c (a e+(c d-a f) x)}{a \left (a c e^2+(c d-a f)^2\right ) \sqrt {a+c x^2}}-\frac {f \left (2 a f^2+c \left (e^2-2 d f+e \sqrt {e^2-4 d f}\right )\right ) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {2 a f-c \left (e-\sqrt {e^2-4 d f}\right ) x}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {2 a f^2+c \left (e^2-2 d f-e \sqrt {e^2-4 d f}\right )} \sqrt {a+c x^2}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {e^2-4 d f} \left (a c e^2+(c d-a f)^2\right ) \sqrt {2 a f^2+c \left (e^2-2 d f-e \sqrt {e^2-4 d f}\right )}}+\frac {f \left (2 a f^2+c \left (e^2-2 d f-e \sqrt {e^2-4 d f}\right )\right ) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {2 a f-c \left (e+\sqrt {e^2-4 d f}\right ) x}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {2 a f^2+c \left (e^2-2 d f+e \sqrt {e^2-4 d f}\right )} \sqrt {a+c x^2}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {e^2-4 d f} \left (a c e^2+(c d-a f)^2\right ) \sqrt {2 a f^2+c \left (e^2-2 d f+e \sqrt {e^2-4 d f}\right )}} \]
c*(a*e+(-a*f+c*d)*x)/a/(a*c*e^2+(-a*f+c*d)^2)/(c*x^2+a)^(1/2)-1/2*f*arctan h(1/2*(2*a*f-c*x*(e-(-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2)))*2^(1/2)/(c*x^2+a)^(1/2)/(2*a*f^2+ c*(e^2-2*d*f-e*(-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2)))^(1/2))*(2*a*f^2+c*(e^2-2*d*f+e*(-4*d*f +e^2)^(1/2)))/(a*c*e^2+(-a*f+c*d)^2)*2^(1/2)/(-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2)/(2*a*f^2+c *(e^2-2*d*f-e*(-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2)))^(1/2)+1/2*f*arctanh(1/2*(2*a*f-c*x*(e+( -4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2)))*2^(1/2)/(c*x^2+a)^(1/2)/(2*a*f^2+c*(e^2-2*d*f+e*(-4*d* f+e^2)^(1/2)))^(1/2))*(2*a*f^2+c*(e^2-2*d*f-e*(-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2)))/(a*c*e^ 2+(-a*f+c*d)^2)*2^(1/2)/(-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2)/(2*a*f^2+c*(e^2-2*d*f+e*(-4*d*f +e^2)^(1/2)))^(1/2)
Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order 3 in optimal.
Time = 0.50 (sec) , antiderivative size = 346, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.83 \[ \int \frac {1}{\left (a+c x^2\right )^{3/2} \left (d+e x+f x^2\right )} \, dx=\frac {c (c d x+a (e-f x))-a \sqrt {a+c x^2} \text {RootSum}\left [a^2 f+2 a \sqrt {c} e \text {$\#$1}+4 c d \text {$\#$1}^2-2 a f \text {$\#$1}^2-2 \sqrt {c} e \text {$\#$1}^3+f \text {$\#$1}^4\&,\frac {a c e f \log \left (-\sqrt {c} x+\sqrt {a+c x^2}-\text {$\#$1}\right )+2 c^{3/2} e^2 \log \left (-\sqrt {c} x+\sqrt {a+c x^2}-\text {$\#$1}\right ) \text {$\#$1}-2 c^{3/2} d f \log \left (-\sqrt {c} x+\sqrt {a+c x^2}-\text {$\#$1}\right ) \text {$\#$1}+2 a \sqrt {c} f^2 \log \left (-\sqrt {c} x+\sqrt {a+c x^2}-\text {$\#$1}\right ) \text {$\#$1}-c e f \log \left (-\sqrt {c} x+\sqrt {a+c x^2}-\text {$\#$1}\right ) \text {$\#$1}^2}{a \sqrt {c} e+4 c d \text {$\#$1}-2 a f \text {$\#$1}-3 \sqrt {c} e \text {$\#$1}^2+2 f \text {$\#$1}^3}\&\right ]}{a \left (c^2 d^2+a^2 f^2+a c \left (e^2-2 d f\right )\right ) \sqrt {a+c x^2}} \]
(c*(c*d*x + a*(e - f*x)) - a*Sqrt[a + c*x^2]*RootSum[a^2*f + 2*a*Sqrt[c]*e *#1 + 4*c*d*#1^2 - 2*a*f*#1^2 - 2*Sqrt[c]*e*#1^3 + f*#1^4 & , (a*c*e*f*Log [-(Sqrt[c]*x) + Sqrt[a + c*x^2] - #1] + 2*c^(3/2)*e^2*Log[-(Sqrt[c]*x) + S qrt[a + c*x^2] - #1]*#1 - 2*c^(3/2)*d*f*Log[-(Sqrt[c]*x) + Sqrt[a + c*x^2] - #1]*#1 + 2*a*Sqrt[c]*f^2*Log[-(Sqrt[c]*x) + Sqrt[a + c*x^2] - #1]*#1 - c*e*f*Log[-(Sqrt[c]*x) + Sqrt[a + c*x^2] - #1]*#1^2)/(a*Sqrt[c]*e + 4*c*d* #1 - 2*a*f*#1 - 3*Sqrt[c]*e*#1^2 + 2*f*#1^3) & ])/(a*(c^2*d^2 + a^2*f^2 + a*c*(e^2 - 2*d*f))*Sqrt[a + c*x^2])
Time = 0.57 (sec) , antiderivative size = 399, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.96, number of steps used = 6, number of rules used = 5, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.208, Rules used = {1307, 27, 1367, 488, 219}
Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.
\(\displaystyle \int \frac {1}{\left (a+c x^2\right )^{3/2} \left (d+e x+f x^2\right )} \, dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 1307 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {c (x (c d-a f)+a e)}{a \sqrt {a+c x^2} \left ((c d-a f)^2+a c e^2\right )}-\frac {\int -\frac {2 a c \left (a f^2+c e x f+c \left (e^2-d f\right )\right )}{\sqrt {c x^2+a} \left (f x^2+e x+d\right )}dx}{2 a c \left ((c d-a f)^2+a c e^2\right )}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 27 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {\int \frac {a f^2+c e x f+c \left (e^2-d f\right )}{\sqrt {c x^2+a} \left (f x^2+e x+d\right )}dx}{(c d-a f)^2+a c e^2}+\frac {c (x (c d-a f)+a e)}{a \sqrt {a+c x^2} \left ((c d-a f)^2+a c e^2\right )}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 1367 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {\frac {f \left (2 a f^2+c \left (e \sqrt {e^2-4 d f}-2 d f+e^2\right )\right ) \int \frac {1}{\left (e+2 f x-\sqrt {e^2-4 d f}\right ) \sqrt {c x^2+a}}dx}{\sqrt {e^2-4 d f}}-\frac {f \left (2 a f^2+c \left (-e \sqrt {e^2-4 d f}-2 d f+e^2\right )\right ) \int \frac {1}{\left (e+2 f x+\sqrt {e^2-4 d f}\right ) \sqrt {c x^2+a}}dx}{\sqrt {e^2-4 d f}}}{(c d-a f)^2+a c e^2}+\frac {c (x (c d-a f)+a e)}{a \sqrt {a+c x^2} \left ((c d-a f)^2+a c e^2\right )}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 488 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {\frac {f \left (2 a f^2+c \left (-e \sqrt {e^2-4 d f}-2 d f+e^2\right )\right ) \int \frac {1}{4 a f^2+c \left (e+\sqrt {e^2-4 d f}\right )^2-\frac {\left (2 a f-c \left (e+\sqrt {e^2-4 d f}\right ) x\right )^2}{c x^2+a}}d\frac {2 a f-c \left (e+\sqrt {e^2-4 d f}\right ) x}{\sqrt {c x^2+a}}}{\sqrt {e^2-4 d f}}-\frac {f \left (2 a f^2+c \left (e \sqrt {e^2-4 d f}-2 d f+e^2\right )\right ) \int \frac {1}{4 a f^2+c \left (e-\sqrt {e^2-4 d f}\right )^2-\frac {\left (2 a f-c \left (e-\sqrt {e^2-4 d f}\right ) x\right )^2}{c x^2+a}}d\frac {2 a f-c \left (e-\sqrt {e^2-4 d f}\right ) x}{\sqrt {c x^2+a}}}{\sqrt {e^2-4 d f}}}{(c d-a f)^2+a c e^2}+\frac {c (x (c d-a f)+a e)}{a \sqrt {a+c x^2} \left ((c d-a f)^2+a c e^2\right )}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 219 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {\frac {f \left (2 a f^2+c \left (-e \sqrt {e^2-4 d f}-2 d f+e^2\right )\right ) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {2 a f-c x \left (\sqrt {e^2-4 d f}+e\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {a+c x^2} \sqrt {2 a f^2+c \left (e \sqrt {e^2-4 d f}-2 d f+e^2\right )}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {e^2-4 d f} \sqrt {2 a f^2+c \left (e \sqrt {e^2-4 d f}-2 d f+e^2\right )}}-\frac {f \left (2 a f^2+c \left (e \sqrt {e^2-4 d f}-2 d f+e^2\right )\right ) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {2 a f-c x \left (e-\sqrt {e^2-4 d f}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {a+c x^2} \sqrt {2 a f^2+c \left (-e \sqrt {e^2-4 d f}-2 d f+e^2\right )}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {e^2-4 d f} \sqrt {2 a f^2+c \left (-e \sqrt {e^2-4 d f}-2 d f+e^2\right )}}}{(c d-a f)^2+a c e^2}+\frac {c (x (c d-a f)+a e)}{a \sqrt {a+c x^2} \left ((c d-a f)^2+a c e^2\right )}\) |
(c*(a*e + (c*d - a*f)*x))/(a*(a*c*e^2 + (c*d - a*f)^2)*Sqrt[a + c*x^2]) + (-((f*(2*a*f^2 + c*(e^2 - 2*d*f + e*Sqrt[e^2 - 4*d*f]))*ArcTanh[(2*a*f - c *(e - Sqrt[e^2 - 4*d*f])*x)/(Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[2*a*f^2 + c*(e^2 - 2*d*f - e*Sqr t[e^2 - 4*d*f])]*Sqrt[a + c*x^2])])/(Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[e^2 - 4*d*f]*Sqrt[2*a*f^ 2 + c*(e^2 - 2*d*f - e*Sqrt[e^2 - 4*d*f])])) + (f*(2*a*f^2 + c*(e^2 - 2*d* f - e*Sqrt[e^2 - 4*d*f]))*ArcTanh[(2*a*f - c*(e + Sqrt[e^2 - 4*d*f])*x)/(S qrt[2]*Sqrt[2*a*f^2 + c*(e^2 - 2*d*f + e*Sqrt[e^2 - 4*d*f])]*Sqrt[a + c*x^ 2])])/(Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[e^2 - 4*d*f]*Sqrt[2*a*f^2 + c*(e^2 - 2*d*f + e*Sqrt[e^ 2 - 4*d*f])]))/(a*c*e^2 + (c*d - a*f)^2)
3.1.74.3.1 Defintions of rubi rules used
Int[(a_)*(Fx_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[a Int[Fx, x], x] /; FreeQ[a, x] && !Ma tchQ[Fx, (b_)*(Gx_) /; FreeQ[b, x]]
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(1/(Rt[a, 2]*Rt[-b, 2]))* ArcTanh[Rt[-b, 2]*(x/Rt[a, 2])], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && NegQ[a/b] && (Gt Q[a, 0] || LtQ[b, 0])
Int[1/(((c_) + (d_.)*(x_))*Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2]), x_Symbol] :> -Subst[ Int[1/(b*c^2 + a*d^2 - x^2), x], x, (a*d - b*c*x)/Sqrt[a + b*x^2]] /; FreeQ [{a, b, c, d}, x]
Int[((a_.) + (c_.)*(x_)^2)^(p_)*((d_.) + (e_.)*(x_) + (f_.)*(x_)^2)^(q_), x _Symbol] :> Simp[(2*a*c^2*e + c*(2*c^2*d - c*(2*a*f))*x)*(a + c*x^2)^(p + 1 )*((d + e*x + f*x^2)^(q + 1)/((-4*a*c)*(a*c*e^2 + (c*d - a*f)^2)*(p + 1))), x] - Simp[1/((-4*a*c)*(a*c*e^2 + (c*d - a*f)^2)*(p + 1)) Int[(a + c*x^2) ^(p + 1)*(d + e*x + f*x^2)^q*Simp[2*c*((c*d - a*f)^2 - ((-a)*e)*(c*e))*(p + 1) - (2*c^2*d - c*(2*a*f))*(a*f*(p + 1) - c*d*(p + 2)) - e*(-2*a*c^2*e)*(p + q + 2) + (2*f*(2*a*c^2*e)*(p + q + 2) - (2*c^2*d - c*(2*a*f))*((-c)*e*(2 *p + q + 4)))*x + c*f*(2*c^2*d - c*(2*a*f))*(2*p + 2*q + 5)*x^2, x], x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, c, d, e, f, q}, x] && NeQ[e^2 - 4*d*f, 0] && LtQ[p, -1] && Ne Q[a*c*e^2 + (c*d - a*f)^2, 0] && !( !IntegerQ[p] && ILtQ[q, -1]) && !IGtQ [q, 0]
Int[((g_.) + (h_.)*(x_))/(((a_) + (b_.)*(x_) + (c_.)*(x_)^2)*Sqrt[(d_) + (f _.)*(x_)^2]), x_Symbol] :> With[{q = Rt[b^2 - 4*a*c, 2]}, Simp[(2*c*g - h*( b - q))/q Int[1/((b - q + 2*c*x)*Sqrt[d + f*x^2]), x], x] - Simp[(2*c*g - h*(b + q))/q Int[1/((b + q + 2*c*x)*Sqrt[d + f*x^2]), x], x]] /; FreeQ[{ a, b, c, d, f, g, h}, x] && NeQ[b^2 - 4*a*c, 0] && PosQ[b^2 - 4*a*c]
Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(1456\) vs. \(2(377)=754\).
Time = 0.79 (sec) , antiderivative size = 1457, normalized size of antiderivative = 3.50
-1/(-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2)*(2/((-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2)*c*e+2*a*f^2-2*c*d*f+c*e^2)*f^ 2/((x+1/2*(e+(-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2))/f)^2*c-c*(e+(-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2))/f*(x+1/2* (e+(-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2))/f)+1/2*((-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2)*c*e+2*a*f^2-2*c*d*f+c*e^ 2)/f^2)^(1/2)+2*c*(e+(-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2))*f/((-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2)*c*e+2*a*f^2 -2*c*d*f+c*e^2)*(2*c*(x+1/2*(e+(-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2))/f)-c*(e+(-4*d*f+e^2)^(1 /2))/f)/(2*c*((-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2)*c*e+2*a*f^2-2*c*d*f+c*e^2)/f^2-c^2*(e+(-4 *d*f+e^2)^(1/2))^2/f^2)/((x+1/2*(e+(-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2))/f)^2*c-c*(e+(-4*d*f +e^2)^(1/2))/f*(x+1/2*(e+(-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2))/f)+1/2*((-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2)*c* e+2*a*f^2-2*c*d*f+c*e^2)/f^2)^(1/2)-2/((-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2)*c*e+2*a*f^2-2*c* d*f+c*e^2)*f^2*2^(1/2)/(((-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2)*c*e+2*a*f^2-2*c*d*f+c*e^2)/f^2 )^(1/2)*ln((((-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2)*c*e+2*a*f^2-2*c*d*f+c*e^2)/f^2-c*(e+(-4*d* f+e^2)^(1/2))/f*(x+1/2*(e+(-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2))/f)+1/2*2^(1/2)*(((-4*d*f+e^2 )^(1/2)*c*e+2*a*f^2-2*c*d*f+c*e^2)/f^2)^(1/2)*(4*(x+1/2*(e+(-4*d*f+e^2)^(1 /2))/f)^2*c-4*c*(e+(-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2))/f*(x+1/2*(e+(-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2))/f)+ 2*((-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2)*c*e+2*a*f^2-2*c*d*f+c*e^2)/f^2)^(1/2))/(x+1/2*(e+(-4 *d*f+e^2)^(1/2))/f)))+1/(-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2)*(2/(-(-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2)*c*e+2*a *f^2-2*c*d*f+c*e^2)*f^2/((x-1/2/f*(-e+(-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2)))^2*c-c*(e-(-4*d* f+e^2)^(1/2))/f*(x-1/2/f*(-e+(-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2)))+1/2*(-(-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2) *c*e+2*a*f^2-2*c*d*f+c*e^2)/f^2)^(1/2)+2*c*(e-(-4*d*f+e^2)^(1/2))*f/(-(-4* d*f+e^2)^(1/2)*c*e+2*a*f^2-2*c*d*f+c*e^2)*(2*c*(x-1/2/f*(-e+(-4*d*f+e^2...
Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 27447 vs. \(2 (375) = 750\).
Time = 74.11 (sec) , antiderivative size = 27447, normalized size of antiderivative = 65.98 \[ \int \frac {1}{\left (a+c x^2\right )^{3/2} \left (d+e x+f x^2\right )} \, dx=\text {Too large to display} \]
\[ \int \frac {1}{\left (a+c x^2\right )^{3/2} \left (d+e x+f x^2\right )} \, dx=\int \frac {1}{\left (a + c x^{2}\right )^{\frac {3}{2}} \left (d + e x + f x^{2}\right )}\, dx \]
Exception generated. \[ \int \frac {1}{\left (a+c x^2\right )^{3/2} \left (d+e x+f x^2\right )} \, dx=\text {Exception raised: ValueError} \]
Exception raised: ValueError >> Computation failed since Maxima requested additional constraints; using the 'assume' command before evaluation *may* help (example of legal syntax is 'assume(4*d*f-e^2>0)', see `assume?` for more deta
Exception generated. \[ \int \frac {1}{\left (a+c x^2\right )^{3/2} \left (d+e x+f x^2\right )} \, dx=\text {Exception raised: AttributeError} \]
Timed out. \[ \int \frac {1}{\left (a+c x^2\right )^{3/2} \left (d+e x+f x^2\right )} \, dx=\int \frac {1}{{\left (c\,x^2+a\right )}^{3/2}\,\left (f\,x^2+e\,x+d\right )} \,d x \]